In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

configfs: fix a race in configfs_{,un}register_subsystem()

When configfs_register_subsystem() or configfs_unregister_subsystem()
is executing link_group() or unlink_group(),
it is possible that two processes add or delete list concurrently.
Some unfortunate interleavings of them can cause kernel panic.

One of cases is:
A --> B --> C --> D
A <-- B <-- C <-- D

delete list_head *B | delete list_head *C
--------------------------------|-----------------------------------
configfs_unregister_subsystem | configfs_unregister_subsystem
unlink_group | unlink_group
unlink_obj | unlink_obj
list_del_init | list_del_init
__list_del_entry | __list_del_entry
__list_del | __list_del
// next == C |
next->prev = prev |
| next->prev = prev
prev->next = next |
| // prev == B
| prev->next = next

Fix this by adding mutex when calling link_group() or unlink_group(),
but parent configfs_subsystem is NULL when config_item is root.
So I create a mutex configfs_subsystem_mutex.