In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: hns3: fix kernel crash when uninstalling driver

When the driver is uninstalled and the VF is disabled concurrently, a
kernel crash occurs. The reason is that the two actions call function
pci_disable_sriov(). The num_VFs is checked to determine whether to
release the corresponding resources. During the second calling, num_VFs
is not 0 and the resource release function is called. However, the
corresponding resource has been released during the first invoking.
Therefore, the problem occurs:

[15277.839633][T50670] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000020
...
[15278.131557][T50670] Call trace:
[15278.134686][T50670] klist_put+0x28/0x12c
[15278.138682][T50670] klist_del+0x14/0x20
[15278.142592][T50670] device_del+0xbc/0x3c0
[15278.146676][T50670] pci_remove_bus_device+0x84/0x120
[15278.151714][T50670] pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device+0x6c/0x80
[15278.157447][T50670] pci_iov_remove_virtfn+0xb4/0x12c
[15278.162485][T50670] sriov_disable+0x50/0x11c
[15278.166829][T50670] pci_disable_sriov+0x24/0x30
[15278.171433][T50670] hnae3_unregister_ae_algo_prepare+0x60/0x90 [hnae3]
[15278.178039][T50670] hclge_exit+0x28/0xd0 [hclge]
[15278.182730][T50670] __se_sys_delete_module.isra.0+0x164/0x230
[15278.188550][T50670] __arm64_sys_delete_module+0x1c/0x30
[15278.193848][T50670] invoke_syscall+0x50/0x11c
[15278.198278][T50670] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x158/0x164
[15278.203837][T50670] do_el0_svc+0x34/0xcc
[15278.207834][T50670] el0_svc+0x20/0x30

For details, see the following figure.

rmmod hclge disable VFs
----------------------------------------------------
hclge_exit() sriov_numvfs_store()
... device_lock()
pci_disable_sriov() hns3_pci_sriov_configure()
pci_disable_sriov()
sriov_disable()
sriov_disable() if !num_VFs :
if !num_VFs : return;
return; sriov_del_vfs()
sriov_del_vfs() ...
... klist_put()
klist_put() ...
... num_VFs = 0;
num_VFs = 0; device_unlock();

In this patch, when driver is removing, we get the device_lock()
to protect num_VFs, just like sriov_numvfs_store().